This is a train station that has had five name changes, but is now named Belorussky Station. We recognised the station on trip advisor, but realised that it was listed as the Smolenskaya Railway Station, which was it's name when it first opened in 1870. The station is connected to the Sheremetyevo Airport by Aeroexpress trains which take 40 minutes, and depart every half hour between 5:00 am to 0:30 am. It is a great area to start exploring Moscow, as Red Square is 3 1/2 kilometers south of the station, and can be easily reached by taking the Belorussky subway Green Line. This station was the sixth railway station built in Moscow, and is a great example of Russian architecture of the 19th century.
The station has a very interesting history. In 1871, the rail lines were extended to Belarus, and the station was renamed the Brest Station. The station hosted a visit of Czar Nicholas II (the last czar) in 1896. The station underwent major reconstruction between 1907-1912. The architect was I Strukov, who did a design that increased the size of the station threefold, and added the angular section to the right, known as the Tsar's Corner. This is the section where aeroexpress tickets are sold today. At this time it was recognised as a modern station, and was the first station in Moscow to have printed ticketing machines. In 1912, the station was again re-named "Alexander Station", in recognition of the 100th anniversary of the war with Napoleon. In 1922, it was renamed, the Belorussian-Baltic station, in recognition of the extension of the line, and finally in 1936, it's name was changed to the current name, Belorussky Station.
The station is closely linked to memories of both WW1 and WW2, as troops and supplies departed from this station to the front, and the wounded returned to Moscow via this station. There is a popular sculpture in the station courtyard (to the left of the station), which is titled "Farewell of Slavic woman" which captures the moment of a lady saying goodbye to her soldier. In 1941, four days after the German invasion, the station hosted the performance of the song “Holy war”, which became the unofficial war anthem of the Soviets. There is a grey plaque to the right of the main entrance of the station that commemorates this event. In 1945, after victory in Berlin, the first direct train from Berlin to Moscow arrived here to much fanfare, as it carried the victorious soldiers.
If you are interested in Russian military and railway history, a visit here is a must. There are many attractions within walking distance, including the Church of Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, Maxim Gorky statue, Alexander Fadeev sculpture, Museum of Russian Impressionism, Russian National Museum of Music, Anatoly Zverev Art Museum and the Gallery of Painting Art.